Semax

Semax is a synthetic heptapeptide (Met-Glu-His-Phe-Pro-Gly-Pro) derived from the N-terminal fragment of ACTH (4-10) with a modified C-terminal to enhance stability. It functions as a potent nootropic and neuroprotective agent by modulating the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF). It enhances cognitive function by influencing dopamine and serotonin metabolism in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. Furthermore, Semax possesses unique antioxidant properties by upregulating endogenous superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase, protecting neurons from hypoxic damage. Research applications include stroke recovery, traumatic brain injury (TBI), and the cognitive decline associated with Alzheimer’s disease. It is administered intranasally in research models to bypass the blood-brain barrier effectively, with studies indicating a long-lasting upregulation of neuroplasticity markers beyond its immediate half-life.